Citations for asteroid and TNO satellite designations

Citations for asteroid and TNO satellite designations

by Wm. Robert Johnston
last updated 2 August 2026

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) is the astronomical community's authority for assigning both provisional and permanent designations to satellites of "minor planets"--asteroids, trans-neptunian objects (TNOs), and other outer solar system objects (including so-called "dwarf planets"). Currently the IAU Minor Planet Center (MPC) assigns provisional designations and the IAU Working Group for Small Body Nomenclature (WGSBN) assigns permanent designations (though for dwarf planet satellites, the Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature is jointly involved). Provisional designations have format "S/year (primary's number) number of satellite", e.g. S/2009 (93) 2 is the second satellite discovered in 2009 of the asteroid (93) Minerva. In cases where the primary does not have a permanent number, the primary's provisional designation is used, e.g. S/2000 (1998 WW31) 1. Permanent designations, similar to major planets, include a sequential Roman numeral and a name. The name must be related somehow to the primary's name and is generally proposed by the discoverer(s). The permanent designation of S/2009 (93) 2 is (93) Minerva II or Gorgoneion.

Minor planet satellite discoveries involve a greater variety of detection methods than for major planet satellites, with corresponding greater range of confidence levels in the detection, orbit determination, etc. As of November 2025 there are 618 confirmed or probable satellites of minor planets (469 of asteroids and 149 of trans-neptunian objects, listed here), but only 70 (or 11%) have received provisional or permanent designations. Note that of these 618 satellites, only 394 were announced in IAU releases (IAUCs or CBETs); another 126 were announced in peer-reviewed publications, 75 on team web sites, and 16 in conference proceedings.

In the 30 years since the first asteroid satellite was discovered, the locations for announcing both provisional and permanent designations have evolved--IAU announcements have variously appeared in IAU Circulars (IAUCs), Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams (CBETs), Minor Planet Electronic Circulars (MPECs), Minor Planet Circulars (MPCs), and WGSBN Bulletins. There is not an official, publicly available maintained list of assigned designations; two Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams (CBAT) listings have discrepancies in completeness (see here and here, both are no longer maintained). One designation, S/2003 (139775) 1, has been reported by some sources but does not appear to have been officially assigned.

The table below documents all known provisional and permanent designations for minor planet satellites. In some cases it is not possible to identify the original IAU citation. The table also lists unofficial companion designations (nicknames) that have been used by members of the astronomical community. In most cases such nicknames arise where authors need to distinguish between multiple satellites of a single asteroid or TNO in a publication, but official designations are not assigned (or are cumbersome, as with provisional designations). Nicknames may or may not have been used in peer-reviewed publications. Sources are indicated by codes e.g., [W78a] with full references here. Listed detection methods include imaging from adaptive optics telescopes (AOT) or the Hubble Space Telescope (HST).

primary companion discovery companion provisional designation companion permanent designation companion nickname

designation announced # and name announced

(18) Melpomene occultation observations (one detection), reported 1978 Dec 14 in IAUC 3315 [W78a] S/1978 (18) 1 1978 Dec 14 in IAUC 3315 [W78a], subsequently refuted (none)

(22) Kalliope AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Sep 03 in IAUC 7703 [G01a] S/2001 (22) 1 2001 Sep 03 in IAUC 7703 [G01a] I Linus 2003 Aug 08 in IAUC 8177 [G03a]

(41) Daphne AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Mar 31 in IAUC 8930 [C08a] S/2008 (41) 1 2008 Mar 31 in IAUC 8930 [C08a] I Peneius 2019 Mar 06 in MPEC 2019-E58 [W19m] (link)

(44) Nysa AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2026 May 26 in CBET 5693 [B26d] S/2026 (44) 1 2026 Jul 28 in [M26d] (no IAU citation) (none)

(45) Eugenia AOT imaging (resolved), reported 1999 Mar 20 in IAUC 7129 [M99c] S/1998 (45) 1 1999 Mar 20 in IAUC 7129 [M99c] I Petit-Prince 2000 Oct 03 in IAUC 7503 [G00b]

(45) Eugenia AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Mar 07 in IAUC 8817 [M07b] S/2004 (45) 1 2007 Mar 07 in IAUC 8817 [M07b] (none) Princesse [M10a, 2010 Aug 13]

(87) Sylvia AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Feb 23 in IAUC 7588 [B01a] S/2001 (87) 1 2001 Feb 23 in IAUC 7588 [B01a] I Romulus 2005 Aug 11 in IAUC 8582 [M05h]

(87) Sylvia AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Aug 11 in [M05a] S/2004 (87) 1 2005 Aug 11 in IAUC 8582 [M05h] II Remus 2005 Aug 11 in IAUC 8582 [M05h]

(90) Antiope AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2000 Oct 03 in IAUC 7503 [G00b] S/2000 (90) 1 2008 Feb 17 in CBET 1263 (appears to have been assigned by 2001 Oct) (none) B [H08d, 2008 Feb 17, link)

(93) Minerva AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c] S/2009 (93) 1 2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c] I Aegis 2013 Dec 17 in MPC 86284

(93) Minerva AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c] S/2009 (93) 2 2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c] II Gorgoneion 2013 Dec 17 in MPC 86284

(107) Camilla HST imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Mar 19 in IAUC 7599 [S01b] S/2001 (107) 1 2001 Mar 19 in IAUC 7599 [S01b] (none)

(107) Camilla AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2016 Aug 07 in IAUC 9282 [M16b] S/2016 (107) 1 2016 Aug 07 in IAUC 9282 [M16b] (none)

(113) Amalthea occultation observations (two detections), reported 2017 Jul 12 in CBET 4413 [M17b] S/2017 (113) 1 2017 Jul 12 in CBET 4413 [M17b], subsequently withdrawn (none)

(121) Hermione AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Sep 30 in IAUC 7980 [M02e] S/2002 (121) 1 2002 Sep 30 in IAUC 7980 [M02e] (none) LaFayette [M06d, 2006 Aug 07]

(130) Elektra AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Aug 17 in IAUC 8183 [M03h] S/2003 (130) 1 2003 Aug 17 in IAUC 8183 [M03h] (none) S1 [B22r, 2022 Feb 09]

(130) Elektra AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2014 Dec 17 in CBET 4036 [Y14b] S/2014 (130) 1 2014 Dec 17 in CBET 4036 [Y14b] (none) S2 [B22r, 2022 Feb 09]

(130) Elektra AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2021 Nov 06 in CBET 5066 [B21i] S/2014 (130) 2 2022 Feb 09 in [B22r], not listed in JPL Small Body Database (none) S3 [B22r, 2022 Feb 09]

(216) Kleopatra AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f] S/2008 (216) 1 2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f] I Alexhelios 2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73983

(216) Kleopatra AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f] S/2008 (216) 2 2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f] II Cleoselene 2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73983

(243) Ida spacecraft imaging (Galileo), reported 1994 Mar 12 in IAUC 5948 [B94a] S/1993 (243) 1 1994 Mar 12 in IAUC 5948 [B94a] I Dactyl 1994 Sep 26 in IAUC 6082 [G94a]

(283) Emma AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Jul 27 in IAUC 8165 [M03f] S/2003 (283) 1 2003 Jul 27 in IAUC 8165 [M03f] (none)

(317) Roxane AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2009 Oct 26 in CBET 2054 [M09b] S/2009 (317) 1 2009 Nov 26 in CBET 2054 [M09b] I Olympias 2020 Nov 14 in MPEC 2020-V139 [M20b] (link)

(379) Huenna
(=1894 AQ) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Aug 14 in CBET 0039 [M03m] S/2003 (379) 1 2003 Aug 14 in CBET 0039 [M03m] (none)

(532) Herculina
(=1904 NY) occultation observations (two detections), reported 1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [B78a] S/1978 (532) 1 1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [B78a], subsequently refuted (none)

(617) Patroclus
(=1906 VY) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Oct 29 in IAUC 7741 [M01a] S/2001 (617) 1 2001 Oct 29 in IAUC 7741 [M01a] I Menoetius 2006 Feb 02 in IAUC 8666 [G06b]

(624) Hektor
(=1907 XM) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Jul 21 in IAUC 8732 [M06c] S/2006 (624) 1 2006 Jul 21 in IAUC 8732 [M06c] I Skamandrios 2017 Mar 12 in MPC 103967

(702) Alauda
(=1910 KQ) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Aug 02 in CBET 1016 [R07c] S/2007 (702) 1 2007 Aug 02 in CBET 1016 [R07c] I Pichi unem 2011 Oct 12 in MPC 76674

(1509) Esclangona
(=1938 YG) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Feb 18 in IAUC 8075 [M03a] S/2003 (1509) 1 2003 Feb 18 in IAUC 8075 [M03a] (none)

(2577) Litva
(=1975 EE3) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2013 Dec 22 in IAUC 9267 [M13b] S/2012 (2577) 1 2013 Dec 22 in IAUC 9267 [M13b] (none)

(3548) Eurybates
(=1973 SO) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2020 Jan 09 in MPEC 2020-A113 [N20a] (link) S/2018 (3548) 1 2020 Jan 10 in MPEC 2020-A113 [N20a] (link) I Queta 2020 Oct 15 in MPEC 2020-T164 [N20d] (link)

(3671) Dionysus
(=1984 KD) photometric lightcurve observations (mutual events), reported 1997 Jun 10 in IAUC 6680 [M97a] S/1997 (3671) 1 1997 Jun 10 in IAUC 6680 [M97a] (none)

(3749) Balam
(=1982 BG1) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Feb 13 in IAUC 7827 [M02d] S/2002 (3749) 1 2002 Feb 13 in IAUC 7827 [M02d] (none)

(4674) Pauling
(=1989 JC) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2004 Mar 05 in IAUC 8297 [M04b] S/2004 (4674) 1 2004 Mar 05 in IAUC 8297 [M04b] (none)

(17246) Christophedumas
(=2000 GL74) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2004 Feb 24 in IAUC 8293 [T04b] S/2004 (17246) 1 2004 Feb 24 in IAUC 8293 [T04b] (none)

(22899) Alconrad
(=1999 TO14) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Oct 26 in IAUC 8232 [M03j] S/2003 (22899) 1 2003 Oct 26 in IAUC 8232 [M03j] I Juliekaibarreto 2024 Oct 14 in WGSBN 4(14) (link)

(26308) 1998 SM165 HST imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Jan 24 in IAUC 7807 [B02b] S/2001 (26308) 1 in [C08c] (link) (date uncertain, likely in 2002) (none)

(35107) 1991 VH photometric lightcurve observations (mutual events), reported 1997 Mar 29 in IAUC 6607 [P97c] S/2008 (35107) 1 2008 Sep 19 in IAUC 8977, designation not assigned until companion was confirmed by infrared observations in 2008; JPL Small Body Database has wrong designation, using 1997 date (none)

(42355) Typhon
(=2002 CR46) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Feb 15 in IAUC 8689 [N06c] (none) I Echidna 2006 Nov 09 in MPC 57951 (link)

(47171) Lempo
(=1999 TC36) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Jan 10 in IAUC 7787 [T02b] S/2001 (1999 TC36) 1 in [C08c] (link) (date uncertain, likely in 2002) I Paha 2017 Oct 05 in MPC 106502

(47171) Lempo
(=1999 TC36) HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2007 Oct in [J07b] (none) II Hiisi 2017 Oct 05 in MPC 106502

(50000) Quaoar
(=2002 LM60) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Feb 22 in IAUC 8812 [B07d] (none) I Weywot 2009 Nov 11 in IAUC 9094 [G09b]

(55637) Uni
(=2002 UX25) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Feb 22 in IAUC 8812 [B07d] (none) I Tinia 2025 Sep 01 in WGSBN 5(20) (link)

(58534) Logos
(=1997 CQ29) HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2002 Feb 11 in IAUC 7824 [N02e] S/2002 (1997 CQ29) 1 in [C10a] (link) (date uncertain, likely earlier than 2010) I Zoe 2006 Jun 13 in MPC 56962 (link) B [IAUC 7959, 2002 Aug 26]

(65489) Ceto
(=2003 FX128) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 May 23 in [N06h] (none) I Phorcys 2006 Nov 09 in MPC 57952 (link)

(65803) Didymos
(=1996 GT) photometric lightcurve observations (mutual events), reported 2003 Nov 28 in IAUC 8244 [P03b] (none) I Dimorphos 2020 Jun 23 in MPEC 2020-M83 [M20c] (link) Didymoon [E15a, 2015 Mar 31]
B [F16a, 2016 Oct 24]

(66391) Moshup
(=1999 KW4) radar/lightcurve (resolved), reported 2001 May 23 in IAUC 7632 [B01c] (none) I Squannit 2019 Aug 27 in MPC 115894

(66652) Borasisi
(=1999 RZ253) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Jun 06 in IAUC 8143 [N03d] (none) I Pabu 2007 Sep 26 in MPC 60731 (link)

(79360) Sila-Nunam
(=1997 CS29) HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2005 Oct 06 in [S06c] (none) I Nunam 2012 Jan 09 in MPC 77871

(88611) Teharonhiawako
(=2001 QT297) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Oct 15 in IAUC 7733 [E01a] (none) I Sawiskera 2007 Apr 02 in MPC 59388 (link)

(90482) Orcus
(=2004 DW) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Feb 22 in IAUC 8812 [B07d] (none) I Vanth 2010 Mar 30 in MPC 69496

(120347) Salacia
(=2004 SB60) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Sep 19 in IAUC 8751 [N06f] S/2006 (120347) 1 2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73984 I Actaea 2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73984

(134340) Pluto HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Jul 20 in CBET 2769 [S11b] S/2011 (134340) 1 2011 Jul 20 in CBET 2769 [S11b] IV Kerberos 2013 Jul 02 in IAU 1303 [G13a] (link) S/2011 P1 [J11a, 2011 Jul 20]
P4 [B13c, 2013 Nov 08]

(134340) Pluto HST imaging (resolved), reported 2012 Jul 11 in IAUC 9253 [S12g] S/2012 (134340) 1 2012 Jul 12 in IAUC 9253 [S12g] V Styx 2013 Jul 02 in IAU 1303 [G13a] (link) P5 [M12d, 2012 Jul 11]
S/2012 P1 [B13c, 2013 Nov 08]

(134340) Pluto HST imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c] S/2005 P2 2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c] II Nix 2006 Jun 21 in IAUC 8723 [G06c]

(134340) Pluto HST imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c] S/2005 P1 2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c] III Hydra 2006 Jun 21 in IAUC 8723 [G06c]

(134340) Pluto imaging (elongated source), reported 1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [S78b] S/1978 P1 1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [S78b] I Charon 1986 Jan 03 in IAUC 4157 [M86a]

(136108) Haumea
(=2003 EL61) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Jul 29 in IAUC 8577 [G05b] S/2005 (2003 EL61) 1 2005 Nov 29 in CBET 0310 [B05g] I Hi'iaka 2008 Sep 17 in IAUC 8976 [G08b] Rudolph [C07a, 2007 Mar 20]

(136108) Haumea
(=2003 EL61) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Nov 29 in CBET 0310 [B05g] S/2005 (2003 EL61) 2 2005 Nov 29 in CBET 0310 [B05g] II Namaka 2008 Sep 17 in IAUC 8976 [G08b] Blitzen [C07a, 2007 Mar 20]

(136199) Eris
(=2003 UB313) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Oct 02 in IAUC 8610 [B05d] S/2005 (2003 UB313) 1 2005 Oct 02 in CBET 0240 [B05h] I Dysnomia 2006 Sep 13 in IAUC 8747 [G06d]

(136472) Makemake
(=2005 FY9) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2016 Apr 26 in CBET 4275 [P16a] S/2015 (136472) 1 2016 Apr 26 in CBET 4275 [P16a] (none)

(136617) 1994 CC radar observations (resolved), reported 2009 Jun 19 in IAUC 9053 [B09c] (none) (none) Beta [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]

(136617) 1994 CC radar observations (resolved), reported 2009 Jun 19 in IAUC 9053 [B09c] (none) (none) Gamma [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]

(139775) 2001 QG298 photometric lightcurve observations (lightcurve shape), reported 2004 Feb 12 in [S04a] (apparently none; S/2003 (139775) 1 was listed in JPL Small Body Database in 2023 but no IAU citation is identified and it appears unlikely that a designation would have been assigned for this type of detection; some on line sources mention S/2004 (139775) 1 without reference to an IAU citation) (none)

(152830) Dinkinesh
(=1999 VD57) spacecraft imaging (Lucy), reported 2023 Nov 02 in [K23a] (none) I Selam 2023 Nov 27 in WGSBN 3(16) (link)

(153591) 2001 SN263 radar observations (resolved), reported 2008 Feb 12 in CBET 1254 [N08e] (none) (none) Beta [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]

(153591) 2001 SN263 radar observations (resolved), reported 2008 Feb 12 in CBET 1254 [N08e] (none) (none) Gamma [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]

(174567) Varda
(=2003 MW12) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Sep in [G11b] (none) I Ilmare 2014 Jan 16 in MPC 86715 (link)

(185851) 2000 DP107 radar observations (resolved), reported 2000 Sep 25 in IAUC 7496 [O00c] S/2000 (2000 DP107) 1
= S/2000 (185851) 1 in [C08c] (link), likely assigned between 2000 Oct and 2001 Oct; also referenced by JPL as "the first IAU-numbered satellite of (then unnumbered) asteroid 2000 DP107" (link); Margot et al. mentioned this designation hypothetically in 2002 Mar [M02a] but did not employ the designation formally in this or subsequent publications (none)

(225088) Gonggong
(=2007 OR10) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2016 Oct 17 in [M16e] (none) I Xiangliu 2020 Feb 05 in MPC 121135 (link)

(229762) G!kun||l'homdima
(=2007 UK126) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Sep in [G11b] (none) I G!o'e!Hu 2019 Apr 06 in MPC 112434 (link)

(300163) 2006 VW139 HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2017 Sep 21 in [A17a] (none) (none) B [A20b, 2020 Sep 29]

(341520) Mors-Somnus
(=2007 TY430) AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Aug 01 in IAUC 8962 [S08c] (none) I Somnus 2015 Jun 02 in MPC 94392

(385446) Manwe
(=2003 QW111) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Sep 07 in IAUC 8745 [N06d] (none) I Thorondor 2014 Apr 15 in MPC 88005

(469705) |=Kagara
(=2005 EF298) HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Sep in [G12b] (none) I !Haunu 2021 Jun 16 in WGSBN 1(3) (link)

1998 WW31 AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Apr 16 in IAUC 7610 [V01a] S/2000 (1998 WW31) 1 2001 Apr 16 in IAUC 7610 [V01a] (none)

2001 QW322 AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Nov 09 in IAUC 7749 [K01a] (none) (none) B [MPEC 2001-V34, M01b, 2001 Nov 09, link)

primary	companion discovery	companion provisional designation	companion permanent designation	companion nickname
designation	announced	# and name	announced
(18) Melpomene	occultation observations (one detection), reported 1978 Dec 14 in IAUC 3315 [W78a]	S/1978 (18) 1	1978 Dec 14 in IAUC 3315 [W78a], subsequently refuted	(none)
(22) Kalliope	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Sep 03 in IAUC 7703 [G01a]	S/2001 (22) 1	2001 Sep 03 in IAUC 7703 [G01a]	I Linus	2003 Aug 08 in IAUC 8177 [G03a]
(41) Daphne	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Mar 31 in IAUC 8930 [C08a]	S/2008 (41) 1	2008 Mar 31 in IAUC 8930 [C08a]	I Peneius	2019 Mar 06 in MPEC 2019-E58 [W19m] (link)
(44) Nysa	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2026 May 26 in CBET 5693 [B26d]	S/2026 (44) 1	2026 Jul 28 in [M26d] (no IAU citation)	(none)
(45) Eugenia	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 1999 Mar 20 in IAUC 7129 [M99c]	S/1998 (45) 1	1999 Mar 20 in IAUC 7129 [M99c]	I Petit-Prince	2000 Oct 03 in IAUC 7503 [G00b]
(45) Eugenia	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Mar 07 in IAUC 8817 [M07b]	S/2004 (45) 1	2007 Mar 07 in IAUC 8817 [M07b]	(none)	Princesse [M10a, 2010 Aug 13]
(87) Sylvia	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Feb 23 in IAUC 7588 [B01a]	S/2001 (87) 1	2001 Feb 23 in IAUC 7588 [B01a]	I Romulus	2005 Aug 11 in IAUC 8582 [M05h]
(87) Sylvia	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Aug 11 in [M05a]	S/2004 (87) 1	2005 Aug 11 in IAUC 8582 [M05h]	II Remus	2005 Aug 11 in IAUC 8582 [M05h]
(90) Antiope	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2000 Oct 03 in IAUC 7503 [G00b]	S/2000 (90) 1	2008 Feb 17 in CBET 1263 (appears to have been assigned by 2001 Oct)	(none)	B [H08d, 2008 Feb 17, link)
(93) Minerva	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c]	S/2009 (93) 1	2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c]	I Aegis	2013 Dec 17 in MPC 86284
(93) Minerva	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c]	S/2009 (93) 2	2009 Aug 31 in IAUC 9069 [M09c]	II Gorgoneion	2013 Dec 17 in MPC 86284
(107) Camilla	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Mar 19 in IAUC 7599 [S01b]	S/2001 (107) 1	2001 Mar 19 in IAUC 7599 [S01b]	(none)
(107) Camilla	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2016 Aug 07 in IAUC 9282 [M16b]	S/2016 (107) 1	2016 Aug 07 in IAUC 9282 [M16b]	(none)
(113) Amalthea	occultation observations (two detections), reported 2017 Jul 12 in CBET 4413 [M17b]	S/2017 (113) 1	2017 Jul 12 in CBET 4413 [M17b], subsequently withdrawn	(none)
(121) Hermione	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Sep 30 in IAUC 7980 [M02e]	S/2002 (121) 1	2002 Sep 30 in IAUC 7980 [M02e]	(none)	LaFayette [M06d, 2006 Aug 07]
(130) Elektra	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Aug 17 in IAUC 8183 [M03h]	S/2003 (130) 1	2003 Aug 17 in IAUC 8183 [M03h]	(none)	S1 [B22r, 2022 Feb 09]
(130) Elektra	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2014 Dec 17 in CBET 4036 [Y14b]	S/2014 (130) 1	2014 Dec 17 in CBET 4036 [Y14b]	(none)	S2 [B22r, 2022 Feb 09]
(130) Elektra	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2021 Nov 06 in CBET 5066 [B21i]	S/2014 (130) 2	2022 Feb 09 in [B22r], not listed in JPL Small Body Database	(none)	S3 [B22r, 2022 Feb 09]
(216) Kleopatra	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f]	S/2008 (216) 1	2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f]	I Alexhelios	2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73983
(216) Kleopatra	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f]	S/2008 (216) 2	2008 Sep 24 in IAUC 8980 [M08f]	II Cleoselene	2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73983
(243) Ida	spacecraft imaging (Galileo), reported 1994 Mar 12 in IAUC 5948 [B94a]	S/1993 (243) 1	1994 Mar 12 in IAUC 5948 [B94a]	I Dactyl	1994 Sep 26 in IAUC 6082 [G94a]
(283) Emma	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Jul 27 in IAUC 8165 [M03f]	S/2003 (283) 1	2003 Jul 27 in IAUC 8165 [M03f]	(none)
(317) Roxane	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2009 Oct 26 in CBET 2054 [M09b]	S/2009 (317) 1	2009 Nov 26 in CBET 2054 [M09b]	I Olympias	2020 Nov 14 in MPEC 2020-V139 [M20b] (link)
(379) Huenna (=1894 AQ)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Aug 14 in CBET 0039 [M03m]	S/2003 (379) 1	2003 Aug 14 in CBET 0039 [M03m]	(none)
(532) Herculina (=1904 NY)	occultation observations (two detections), reported 1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [B78a]	S/1978 (532) 1	1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [B78a], subsequently refuted	(none)
(617) Patroclus (=1906 VY)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Oct 29 in IAUC 7741 [M01a]	S/2001 (617) 1	2001 Oct 29 in IAUC 7741 [M01a]	I Menoetius	2006 Feb 02 in IAUC 8666 [G06b]
(624) Hektor (=1907 XM)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Jul 21 in IAUC 8732 [M06c]	S/2006 (624) 1	2006 Jul 21 in IAUC 8732 [M06c]	I Skamandrios	2017 Mar 12 in MPC 103967
(702) Alauda (=1910 KQ)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Aug 02 in CBET 1016 [R07c]	S/2007 (702) 1	2007 Aug 02 in CBET 1016 [R07c]	I Pichi unem	2011 Oct 12 in MPC 76674
(1509) Esclangona (=1938 YG)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Feb 18 in IAUC 8075 [M03a]	S/2003 (1509) 1	2003 Feb 18 in IAUC 8075 [M03a]	(none)
(2577) Litva (=1975 EE3)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2013 Dec 22 in IAUC 9267 [M13b]	S/2012 (2577) 1	2013 Dec 22 in IAUC 9267 [M13b]	(none)
(3548) Eurybates (=1973 SO)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2020 Jan 09 in MPEC 2020-A113 [N20a] (link)	S/2018 (3548) 1	2020 Jan 10 in MPEC 2020-A113 [N20a] (link)	I Queta	2020 Oct 15 in MPEC 2020-T164 [N20d] (link)
(3671) Dionysus (=1984 KD)	photometric lightcurve observations (mutual events), reported 1997 Jun 10 in IAUC 6680 [M97a]	S/1997 (3671) 1	1997 Jun 10 in IAUC 6680 [M97a]	(none)
(3749) Balam (=1982 BG1)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Feb 13 in IAUC 7827 [M02d]	S/2002 (3749) 1	2002 Feb 13 in IAUC 7827 [M02d]	(none)
(4674) Pauling (=1989 JC)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2004 Mar 05 in IAUC 8297 [M04b]	S/2004 (4674) 1	2004 Mar 05 in IAUC 8297 [M04b]	(none)
(17246) Christophedumas (=2000 GL74)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2004 Feb 24 in IAUC 8293 [T04b]	S/2004 (17246) 1	2004 Feb 24 in IAUC 8293 [T04b]	(none)
(22899) Alconrad (=1999 TO14)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Oct 26 in IAUC 8232 [M03j]	S/2003 (22899) 1	2003 Oct 26 in IAUC 8232 [M03j]	I Juliekaibarreto	2024 Oct 14 in WGSBN 4(14) (link)
(26308) 1998 SM165	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Jan 24 in IAUC 7807 [B02b]	S/2001 (26308) 1	in [C08c] (link) (date uncertain, likely in 2002)	(none)
(35107) 1991 VH	photometric lightcurve observations (mutual events), reported 1997 Mar 29 in IAUC 6607 [P97c]	S/2008 (35107) 1	2008 Sep 19 in IAUC 8977, designation not assigned until companion was confirmed by infrared observations in 2008; JPL Small Body Database has wrong designation, using 1997 date	(none)
(42355) Typhon (=2002 CR46)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Feb 15 in IAUC 8689 [N06c]	(none)	I Echidna	2006 Nov 09 in MPC 57951 (link)
(47171) Lempo (=1999 TC36)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2002 Jan 10 in IAUC 7787 [T02b]	S/2001 (1999 TC36) 1	in [C08c] (link) (date uncertain, likely in 2002)	I Paha	2017 Oct 05 in MPC 106502
(47171) Lempo (=1999 TC36)	HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2007 Oct in [J07b]	(none)	II Hiisi	2017 Oct 05 in MPC 106502
(50000) Quaoar (=2002 LM60)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Feb 22 in IAUC 8812 [B07d]	(none)	I Weywot	2009 Nov 11 in IAUC 9094 [G09b]
(55637) Uni (=2002 UX25)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Feb 22 in IAUC 8812 [B07d]	(none)	I Tinia	2025 Sep 01 in WGSBN 5(20) (link)
(58534) Logos (=1997 CQ29)	HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2002 Feb 11 in IAUC 7824 [N02e]	S/2002 (1997 CQ29) 1	in [C10a] (link) (date uncertain, likely earlier than 2010)	I Zoe	2006 Jun 13 in MPC 56962 (link)	B [IAUC 7959, 2002 Aug 26]
(65489) Ceto (=2003 FX128)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 May 23 in [N06h]	(none)	I Phorcys	2006 Nov 09 in MPC 57952 (link)
(65803) Didymos (=1996 GT)	photometric lightcurve observations (mutual events), reported 2003 Nov 28 in IAUC 8244 [P03b]	(none)	I Dimorphos	2020 Jun 23 in MPEC 2020-M83 [M20c] (link)	Didymoon [E15a, 2015 Mar 31] B [F16a, 2016 Oct 24]
(66391) Moshup (=1999 KW4)	radar/lightcurve (resolved), reported 2001 May 23 in IAUC 7632 [B01c]	(none)	I Squannit	2019 Aug 27 in MPC 115894
(66652) Borasisi (=1999 RZ253)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2003 Jun 06 in IAUC 8143 [N03d]	(none)	I Pabu	2007 Sep 26 in MPC 60731 (link)
(79360) Sila-Nunam (=1997 CS29)	HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2005 Oct 06 in [S06c]	(none)	I Nunam	2012 Jan 09 in MPC 77871
(88611) Teharonhiawako (=2001 QT297)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Oct 15 in IAUC 7733 [E01a]	(none)	I Sawiskera	2007 Apr 02 in MPC 59388 (link)
(90482) Orcus (=2004 DW)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2007 Feb 22 in IAUC 8812 [B07d]	(none)	I Vanth	2010 Mar 30 in MPC 69496
(120347) Salacia (=2004 SB60)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Sep 19 in IAUC 8751 [N06f]	S/2006 (120347) 1	2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73984	I Actaea	2011 Feb 18 in MPC 73984
(134340) Pluto	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Jul 20 in CBET 2769 [S11b]	S/2011 (134340) 1	2011 Jul 20 in CBET 2769 [S11b]	IV Kerberos	2013 Jul 02 in IAU 1303 [G13a] (link)	S/2011 P1 [J11a, 2011 Jul 20] P4 [B13c, 2013 Nov 08]
(134340) Pluto	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2012 Jul 11 in IAUC 9253 [S12g]	S/2012 (134340) 1	2012 Jul 12 in IAUC 9253 [S12g]	V Styx	2013 Jul 02 in IAU 1303 [G13a] (link)	P5 [M12d, 2012 Jul 11] S/2012 P1 [B13c, 2013 Nov 08]
(134340) Pluto	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c]	S/2005 P2	2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c]	II Nix	2006 Jun 21 in IAUC 8723 [G06c]
(134340) Pluto	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c]	S/2005 P1	2005 Oct 31 in IAUC 8625 [G05c]	III Hydra	2006 Jun 21 in IAUC 8723 [G06c]
(134340) Pluto	imaging (elongated source), reported 1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [S78b]	S/1978 P1	1978 Jul 07 in IAUC 3241 [S78b]	I Charon	1986 Jan 03 in IAUC 4157 [M86a]
(136108) Haumea (=2003 EL61)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Jul 29 in IAUC 8577 [G05b]	S/2005 (2003 EL61) 1	2005 Nov 29 in CBET 0310 [B05g]	I Hi'iaka	2008 Sep 17 in IAUC 8976 [G08b]	Rudolph [C07a, 2007 Mar 20]
(136108) Haumea (=2003 EL61)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Nov 29 in CBET 0310 [B05g]	S/2005 (2003 EL61) 2	2005 Nov 29 in CBET 0310 [B05g]	II Namaka	2008 Sep 17 in IAUC 8976 [G08b]	Blitzen [C07a, 2007 Mar 20]
(136199) Eris (=2003 UB313)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2005 Oct 02 in IAUC 8610 [B05d]	S/2005 (2003 UB313) 1	2005 Oct 02 in CBET 0240 [B05h]	I Dysnomia	2006 Sep 13 in IAUC 8747 [G06d]
(136472) Makemake (=2005 FY9)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2016 Apr 26 in CBET 4275 [P16a]	S/2015 (136472) 1	2016 Apr 26 in CBET 4275 [P16a]	(none)
(136617) 1994 CC	radar observations (resolved), reported 2009 Jun 19 in IAUC 9053 [B09c]	(none)	(none)	Beta [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]
(136617) 1994 CC	radar observations (resolved), reported 2009 Jun 19 in IAUC 9053 [B09c]	(none)	(none)	Gamma [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]
(139775) 2001 QG298	photometric lightcurve observations (lightcurve shape), reported 2004 Feb 12 in [S04a]	(apparently none; S/2003 (139775) 1 was listed in JPL Small Body Database in 2023 but no IAU citation is identified and it appears unlikely that a designation would have been assigned for this type of detection; some on line sources mention S/2004 (139775) 1 without reference to an IAU citation)	(none)
(152830) Dinkinesh (=1999 VD57)	spacecraft imaging (Lucy), reported 2023 Nov 02 in [K23a]	(none)	I Selam	2023 Nov 27 in WGSBN 3(16) (link)
(153591) 2001 SN263	radar observations (resolved), reported 2008 Feb 12 in CBET 1254 [N08e]	(none)	(none)	Beta [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]
(153591) 2001 SN263	radar observations (resolved), reported 2008 Feb 12 in CBET 1254 [N08e]	(none)	(none)	Gamma [F11a, 2011 Feb 28]
(174567) Varda (=2003 MW12)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Sep in [G11b]	(none)	I Ilmare	2014 Jan 16 in MPC 86715 (link)
(185851) 2000 DP107	radar observations (resolved), reported 2000 Sep 25 in IAUC 7496 [O00c]	S/2000 (2000 DP107) 1 = S/2000 (185851) 1	in [C08c] (link), likely assigned between 2000 Oct and 2001 Oct; also referenced by JPL as "the first IAU-numbered satellite of (then unnumbered) asteroid 2000 DP107" (link); Margot et al. mentioned this designation hypothetically in 2002 Mar [M02a] but did not employ the designation formally in this or subsequent publications	(none)
(225088) Gonggong (=2007 OR10)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2016 Oct 17 in [M16e]	(none)	I Xiangliu	2020 Feb 05 in MPC 121135 (link)
(229762) G!kun\|\|l'homdima (=2007 UK126)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Sep in [G11b]	(none)	I G!o'e!Hu	2019 Apr 06 in MPC 112434 (link)
(300163) 2006 VW139	HST imaging (elongated source), reported 2017 Sep 21 in [A17a]	(none)	(none)	B [A20b, 2020 Sep 29]
(341520) Mors-Somnus (=2007 TY430)	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2008 Aug 01 in IAUC 8962 [S08c]	(none)	I Somnus	2015 Jun 02 in MPC 94392
(385446) Manwe (=2003 QW111)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2006 Sep 07 in IAUC 8745 [N06d]	(none)	I Thorondor	2014 Apr 15 in MPC 88005
(469705) \|=Kagara (=2005 EF298)	HST imaging (resolved), reported 2011 Sep in [G12b]	(none)	I !Haunu	2021 Jun 16 in WGSBN 1(3) (link)
1998 WW31	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Apr 16 in IAUC 7610 [V01a]	S/2000 (1998 WW31) 1	2001 Apr 16 in IAUC 7610 [V01a]	(none)
2001 QW322	AOT imaging (resolved), reported 2001 Nov 09 in IAUC 7749 [K01a]	(none)	(none)	B [MPEC 2001-V34, M01b, 2001 Nov 09, link)

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